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Ernst-Heinrich Schmauser (18 January 1890 in Hof, Bavaria – 10 February 1945 in Breslau) was an officer of the ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS) who held the rank of SS-''Obergruppenführer'' with date of rank from 1937. He holds the distinction of being the last peace time promotion to that rank before the outbreak of World War II in 1939. Ernst-Heinrich Schmauser was also a member of the German Reichstag representing the NSDAP.〔Birn, Ruth Bettina (1986). ''Die Höheren SS- und Polizeiführer. Himmlers Vertreter im Reich und in den besetzten Gebieten'', p. 346.〕 == Life and work == Schmauser was born the son of a businessman. He attended elementary school and junior high school in Hof an der Saale, then the secondary school in Bayreuth. After graduation, he pursued a military career. First, he spent a year with the 11th Bavarian Infantry Regiment "von der Tann" in Regensburg. He then joined the 9th Royal Saxon Army, 133rd Infantry Regiment in Zwickau.〔Eltzschig, Johannes and Michael Walter, ed. (2001). ''The Nuremberg Medical Trial 1946/1947: Transcripts, Material of the Prosecution and Defense, Related Documents. Guide to the Microfiche-Edition'', p. 140.〕 After training at the Military Academy in Hanover, Schmauser served in the First World War (1914-1918) as a company commander. He fought in the Western Theater with the 133rd and 183rd Infantry Regiments. He was wounded three times in battle and decorated on multiple occasions, receiving the Iron Cross (First and Second) Class, the Silver Wound Badge, and the Knight's Cross of the Order of Albert (Second Class) with Swords. On 9 November 1915, he received the Knight's Cross of the Military-St. Heinrich's Order.〔Richter, Georg D. (1937). ''Der Königlich Sächsische Militär-St. Heinrichs-Orden 1736–1918, Ein Ehrenblatt der Sächsischen Armee'', p. 579.〕 Following Schmauser’s demobilization from the Kaiser’s Army in 1919, he was promoted to captain and given permission to continue wearing the uniform of the 133rd Infantry Regiment.〔 From 1919 to 1933, Schmauser worked in banking as a cashier in Zwickau. It was a temporary career path which he considered beneath his social standing. He married in 1921, and had two children by his wife.〔 As early as 1924 Schmauser belonged to the right-wing conservative voting alliance known as the ''Völkisch-Social Block'' and was head of the ''Sturmabteilung'' (SA) in Zwickau. He was sporadically active on the political scene as were many other former military officers in the wake of the collapsing Weimar economy.〔Campbell, Brice (2004) ''The SA Generals and the Rise of Nazism'', pp. 66-67.〕 In early March 1930, Schmauser joined the NSDAP (Nazi Party member: 215,704) and on 14 October 1930 he was awarded the rank of SS-''Sturmbannführer'' (SS number: 3,359). From mid-December 1930, he led the 7th SS-Brigade in Saxony and from August, 1932, he headed SS Section XVI (Province of Saxony).〔Grieser, Utho (1974). ''Himmlers Mann in Nürnberg. Der Fall Benno Martin: Eine Studie zur Struktur des 3. Reiches in der "Stadt der Reichsparteitage"'', p. 311.〕 In the ''Reichstag'' elections of July 1932, Schmauser was the candidate for the 20th District (Leipzig) representing the Nazi Party in the Reichstag, where he served until November 1932. In the ''Reichstag'' elections of November 1932, Schmauser lost his mandate. A year later, in November 1933, Schmauser returned as a member of the Nazi Party and helped govern Germany until his death in February 1945. Throughout his service in the Nazi Reichstag, he represented the 24th District of Upper Bavaria-Swabia (November 1933 to February 1936), and then he served for the 26th District of Franken (March 1936 to February 1945). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ernst-Heinrich Schmauser」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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